Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
Some considerations on the Judicial Review in Argentina
Constitutional review is a critical mechanism for safeguarding constitutional supremacy in modern legal systems. Argentina adopted a system of judicial review based on the original U.S. model. This system, established through the Supreme Court's decisions, has defined the judiciary's role in the nation's constitutional democracy. This paper, aims to identify and describe the core elements and characteristics of Argentina's system of constitutional review. It analyzes how this system has been shaped by key jurisprudential precedents from the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (CSJN), exploring the unique tension between its origins in a Common Law model and its implementation in a Civil Law tradition. The research methodology is a qualitative analysis of historical legal documents and key judicial rulings. The study focuses on landmark precedents from the CSJN to trace the historical development and define the essential characteristics of constitutional review in Argentina. The paper demonstrates that Argentina's system of constitutional control is a diffuse model, where all judges can exercise review. A key finding is the absence of a strict stare decisis rule, which creates a paradox where Supreme Court decisions are not formally binding but are treated as a “moral duty” for lower courts to follow for reasons of procedural economy and legal certainty. The analysis reveals that the system's development was primarily “praetorian,” driven by the CSJN's rulings rather than explicit legislative or constitutional mandates. The Argentine system of judicial review remains one of the few worldwide that closely follows the original U.S. model, yet it has unique features that reflect its Civil Law context. While not formally binding, the practical application of the CSJN's precedents creates a de facto obligation for lower courts. This tension is central to understanding the system's functionality and its implications for the protection of constitutional rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristian Altavilla (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Institutional Strategies to Improve Postgraduate Graduation Rates: The Case of the MBA at UES21
Introduction: postgraduate programs face a growing demand for accountability, where graduation rate becomes a key quality indicator. This study explores strategies to increase the graduation rate in the MBA program at UES21. Methods: a mixed-method design was applied, combining a descriptive cross-sectional analysis of the 2018 cohort graduation rate with surveys and interviews of students and faculty. Results: only 8.58 % of students graduated within the expected timeframe. Main barriers identified include difficulties in academic writing, weak theoretical frameworks, and low engagement with thesis advisors. Conclusions: institutional actions such as mentorship programs, writing workshops, and flexible assessment criteria are recommended to improve graduation outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mariana Constanza Frandino, Laura Andrea Bustamante (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Gender Gap in Mathematics as an Expression of Educational Inequality: Evidence from the 2022 Aprender Tests
Introduction: this article analyzes the gender gap in mathematics performance in Argentine secondary education based on the results of the 2022 Aprender Tests. Methods: a non-experimental quantitative design was used, including mean difference analysis and statistical significance testing. Results: boys scored significantly higher than girls, particularly in contexts of greater social vulnerability. Conclusions: the gender gap in mathematics is understood as a structural phenomenon that requires public policies aimed at educational equity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Laura Andrea Bustamante, Pablo Sebastián Gómez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital Governance and Personal Data Protection: Proposals for an Ethical Public Transformation through the Privacy-by-Design Approach
Introduction: this research examined the relationship between digital innovation in public administration and personal data protection, employing a Privacy-by-Design (PbD) approach. It assessed the extent to which government platforms incorporate ethical and legal aspects that guarantee data privacy and security. Methods: a qualitative study of Argentine public initiatives was conducted, combining three strategies: (i) visual exploration of the platforms from the user experience; (ii) manual and automated analysis of metadata on published datasets; and (iii) development of a prototype in Python to validate technical aspects linked to PbD principles, such as security settings, transparency, and basic privacy control mechanisms. Results: progress was observed in access to open public data and tools aimed at citizen transparency. However, the full incorporation of data protection principles remains a challenge, as evidenced by both manual analysis and automated testing of the prototype. Metadata analysis and technical evaluation revealed weaknesses in the design, particularly in privacy and the implementation of user-accessible control mechanisms. Conclusions: the results underscore the importance of integrating Privacy-by-Design into smart governance, thereby strengthening citizen trust in digital services and promoting more responsible and sustainable forms of governance. Design recommendations are presented that foster a paradigm shift in application development and regulatory standards for digital public innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Roxana Martínez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sustainable Management in the Business Sector of Riobamba City
Introduction: The concept of sustainable management has gained prominence in the industrial sector as response to the environmental and social challenges of the 21st century. From a theoretical perspective, sustainable practices are proposed to integrate economic, environmental, and social strategies that enable companies to enhance their overall performance and reputation. The study identified the sustainability practices implemented in productive sectors, analyzing the perceptions, strategies, and outcomes observed by local business owners. Methods: A survey was conducted among 150 companies from the productive sector in Riobamba, equitably selected from the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. The instrument included closed-ended questions related to the level of knowledge, implemented practices, perceived benefits and challenges, suggested strategies, and willingness to invest in sustainability. The data collected were analyzed using frequencies and percentages to identify trends. Results: Seventy-five percent of the companies expressed a willingness to invest in sustainable practices, with waste management (28%) and efficient water use (17%) being the most common practices. Fifty-seven percent evaluated the impact of these strategies positively, while 29% indicated a need for financial support to enhance their sustainability. Regulatory barriers and a lack of training and sustainable culture were cited as significant obstacles. Conclusions: The productive sector shows significant progress in the implementation of sustainable practices, though challenges such as financing, training, regulation, and technical and economic support remain. It is suggested to adopt sustainable strategies that optimize the environmental, economic, and social impact of the sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luz Maribel Vallejo Chávez , Jaqueline Elizabeth Balseca Castro , Miranda Salazar Sandra Patricia , Flor Karina Govea Andrade (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The relationship between screen time, nutritional status, and sedentary lifestyle among adolescents aged 12-17 in Commune 5 of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, during the first four months of 2025
Introduction: Prolonged screen time has been linked to changes in nutritional status and physical activity habits among adolescents. Understanding this relationship is essential for designing interventions to improve youth health. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted with 200 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from Comuna 5, Buenos Aires City. Structured questionnaires were used to measure screen time, calculate body mass index (BMI), and assess sedentary behavior levels. Data were analyzed using vertical and percentage analyses. Results: Obesity was most prevalent among adolescents with less than one hour of daily screen time (93.3%), decreasing in groups with moderate screen time and increasing again in those exceeding three hours (70.4%). Overweight increased with screen time, particularly in medium and long durations. Normal BMI peaked in the group with around three hours of screen time. High sedentary behavior showed an increasing trend with more screen time, reaching 43.7% in adolescents with over three hours daily. Medium and low sedentary levels were more frequent in groups with intermediate and short screen times. Conclusions: There is a complex, non-linear relationship between screen time, nutritional status, and sedentary behavior in adolescents. Increased screen exposure is associated with higher sedentary levels and nutritional alterations, underscoring the need for comprehensive interventions to promote healthy habits and regulate screen use in this population.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pedro Juniors Perez Juaniquina , Yhenny Yhaneth Leuca Quilla , Yhoselin Mery Leuca Quilla , Araceli Belen Zúñiga Mendieta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Diversity of theoretical sources in the ecuadorian constitution
Introduction: One of the greatest challenges for justice operators in any society is the lack of understanding of the genesis, scope, and meaning of the norms governing their people, especially when these have constitutional status. This lack of comprehension can undermine the effectiveness of the legal system, rendering it merely declarative and inert instead of an effective structure for collective life and the exercise of fundamental rights. Methods: While an empirical study on the application of the Ecuadorian Constitution in the ordinary and special jurisdictions since its enactment in 2008 can be conducted, the results would be largely quantitative. Therefore, it is essential to carry out a theoretical, historical, critical, and analytical study of the foundations that support the Ecuadorian constitutional proposal to understand its true impact on the legal system. Results: Only through rigorous analysis is it possible to assess the nature and scope of the Constitution, ensuring that it functions as a substantive and effective norm. Its proper application is crucial to consolidating a constitutional state of rights and justice, where fundamental principles and guarantees are not only formally recognized but also effectively enforced. Conclusions: In this context, the prevailing philosophical and theoretical currents of contemporary law that influenced the Ecuadorian Constituent Assembly are examined, with Garantism and Principlism standing out as the dominant approaches shaping the current legal framework.
Copyright (c) 2025 Regis Ernesto Parra Proaño, María del Carmen Moreno Albuja, Edwin Patricio Pombosa Junez, Luz Maribel Vallejo Chávez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Modern Approaches to Journalism in the Digital Media Era: the Role of Multimedia Content and Audience Interaction
Introduction: Digital media have become an essential tool for information dissemination and content creation in current journalism. Objectives: This study aimed to analyse the role of multimedia content in audience engagement and interaction through contemporary journalistic techniques. Methods: The research employed a survey of an experimental group comprising 250 journalists, editors, and Internet users. The survey focused on assessing the impact of multimedia technologies on journalism and identifying specific techniques used in digital content creation. Results: The results indicate that modern multimedia content significantly influences journalistic practices, enhancing audience engagement and interactivity. Key features of multimedia-based journalism include the integration of podcasts, video storytelling, and the use of graphic editing tools for processing and presenting statistical data. These technologies enable journalists to deliver information more effectively and appeal to diverse audience preferences. The study highlights the growing importance of multimedia technologies in shaping journalistic presentation and interaction strategies. Conclusions: The use of digital technologies in journalistic content creation is a defining feature of contemporary media practices. By leveraging multimedia tools, journalists can produce engaging, high-quality content that fosters meaningful audience interaction. This integration of digital technologies not only enriches the content but also establishes stronger connections with the audience, making multimedia an indispensable component of modern journalism. The research underscores the transformative role of digital media in evolving journalistic standards and practices
Copyright (c) 2024 Valentyna Stiekolshchykova, Iryna Putsyata, Oksana Lavryk, Olga Marukhovskа-Kartunova, Oleg Marukhovskyi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Genetic factors associated with cleft lip and palate in children at the “William Soler” hospital, 2021 to 2022
Introduction: Cleft lip and palate are common congenital anomalies and the etiopathogenesis is not well understood, being fundamentally associated with polygenic or multifactorial inheritance. In nonsyndromic oral clefts, the genetic condition represents around 25% of cases. Objective. To identify the genetic factors associated with cleft lip and palate. Method. Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 104 patients treated for congenital cleft lip and palate in the Maxillofacial Surgery department of the William Soler Ledea Pediatric Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. The variables studied were: sex, form of presentation of the cleft, isolated congenital defects, previous siblings, intergenetic period, history of family members with congenital malformations, consanguinity of the parents and abortions. Results: The patients presented with an equal distribution by sex (p=0.890), isolated clefts (90.4%) occurred regardless of sex. The presence of previous siblings (59.6%) was significantly associated (p=0.0084), as were a history of family congenital malformations (36.5%) of second degree consanguinity (50%), and previous abortions (50%). Conclusions. The children studied with cleft lip and palate follow a homogeneous distribution by sex and only a small number presented multiple congenital defects. Slightly more than a third were associated with multiparous mothers, with a high frequency of previous abortions, and evidence of a history of familial congenital malformations, mainly of second degree consanguinity through the maternal line.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julio Valcarcel Llerandi, Estela Morales Peralta, María del Carmen Fernández González, Amparo Pérez Borrego (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Competency-based Curriculum: A New Approach to Curricular Change
After the pandemic, education in Ecuador needed to align the curriculum with 21st-century skills and technological advances that occur in a global world. This adjustment must ensure that students acquire not only theoretical knowledge but also practical skills and essential competencies to thrive in a digitalized and interconnected world. The aim of this article is to justify why a competency-based curricular change is necessary, adopting a new educational paradigm. This article is based on theoretical research using the document review technique. The findings suggest a change to a new curricular structure that overcomes the existing gaps between academic education and the competencies required in the current labor market, promoting an education that integrates practical skills with advanced theory, preparing students to face the challenges of a technologically advanced and competitive work environment. The need to review and update the national curriculum is emphasized to foster an education that is truly relevant and applicable in the future professional context
Copyright (c) 2024 Efrén Mesías Palacios Zumba, María Gladys Cóndor Chicaiza, Martha Cecilia Peñaherrera Cueva, Lilia Maritza Bustillos Tapia, Miriam Janeth Toalombo Tipán, Ageda Raquel Simba Pozo, Lena Cleotilde López Orozco (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Association of birth weight with blood pressure and renal function variables in children aged 3 to 6 years
INTRODUCTION: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) has recently been related to an increase in blood pressure figures in different countries. OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship between blood pressure and kidney function with birth weight in children aged 3 to 6 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-two healthy, normotensive children with a history of low birth weight due to IUGR or normal birth weight, aged between 3 and 6 years, were studied in the Marianao municipality of Havana. Their nutritional status was determined based on their body surface area, using the Haycock formula expressed in square meters. Arterial, systolic and diastolic pressures were measured using the Riva Rocci-Korotkoff method, calculating the average. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined using the Schwartz 2 formula (GFR WS) and Pottel for serum creatinine and for serum Cystatin C using Pottel. The renal and blood pressure variables were adjusted to body surface area and analyzed using Pearson's correlation. Ethical standards for research on humans were respected. RESULTS Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures, as well as GFR, were inversely correlated with birth weight. Children with a history of low birth weight due to IUGR presented higher blood pressure values, although not pathological with respect to their peers; the IFG values in this group of children were higher with respect to their peers, calculated both by creatinine through the Pottel method and serum Cystatin C. CONCLUSION There is a tendency for higher blood pressure values in children with low birth weight due to IUGR. The correlation between IFG and birth weight supports theories about the influence of hyperfiltration on high blood pressure, so we suggest more extensive studies of the variables studied, as well as the use of the Pottel formula for its study.
Copyright (c) 2025 Carlos Rolando Maldonado Bernardo, Adina Pérez Mejías, Miguel Alfonso Álvarez Fornaris (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The effect of the formal organizer strategy on the achievement and visual thinking skills of first-year intermediate female students in social studies subject
Due to Large number of criticisms directed at educational institutions such as being negligent in developing students’ ideas and teaching them how to develop these ideas, this paper came to fill in the gap by tackling the strategy of formal organizer and to show how effective this strategy was on the achievement and visual thinking skills among first-year intermediate female students in social studies subject. The current research was applied to sample of intermediate schools for girls in Iraq composed of (282) female students chosen randomly from number of intermediate schools for girls in the city of Diwaniyah for (2023-24) to identify the range of this strategy effectiveness in teaching the subject of social studies. The result indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the average grades of the female students of the experimental group who studied social studies according to the formal organizer strategy, and the average grades of the female students of the control group who studied the same subject in the usual way in the achievement variable in favor of the female students of the experimental group. In light of the results, the researcher concluded teaching social studies based on the strategy of formal organizer raised the level of achievement, worked to give students a positive role in the learning process and raised visual thinking skills.
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammed Tuama Kadhim, Afrah Nasir Chilab (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Innovative Solutions in Administrative Management: Trends and Prospects
Introduction: Administrative management for modern enterprises is evolving into an integrated tool supporting adaptive development and implementing advanced innovative technologies. This study aimed to systematise innovative solutions for organising administrative management in contemporary enterprises. Methods: The research systematically analysed current administrative management practices, focusing on integrating innovative digital technologies. Business process modelling was used to conceptualise the application of these innovations within administrative frameworks. Results: The findings revealed that current trends in administrative management emphasise lean production systems enhanced by digital technologies, including Big Data analytics, artificial intelligence, and business process modelling. Business process modelling was identified as a critical tool for planning administrative management, enabling a clear definition of process stages, assignment of responsibilities, and determination of essential data for implementation. A model for integrating innovations into administrative management processes was developed, demonstrating the value of structured digital approaches. Conclusions: The innovative development of modern administrative management is primarily driven by the adoption of digital technologies. By leveraging tools like business process modelling, enterprises can streamline administrative workflows, enhance adaptability, and facilitate the integration of cutting-edge solutions. These findings underscore the importance of digitalisation in transforming administrative management to meet the demands of a competitive business environment.
Copyright (c) 2024 Inna Sokhan, Liu Jiren, Kateryna Kandahura, Nataliia Hoi, Petro Matkovskyi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Concept of Interactive Arabic Learning Media Uses the First-Person Shooter Gamification Method
Arabic was a fundamental language for studying and advancing knowledge in the Qur'an and Hadith, which are essential guides for Muslims. This research aimed to develop a gamification concept using 3D First-Person Shooter (FPS) game technology for Arabic language learning in Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools (SDIT) in East Java. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach combined with the waterfall model in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The results indicated that the concept and design of interactive Arabic learning media based on the first-person shooter gamification method using the flow of the Mechanic Dynamic Aesthetic (MDA) framework method have been successfully developed well and can be employed to aid teachers in developing easily Arabic-comprehensible teaching media for students. In conclusion, this game-based learning media was expected to improve the effectiveness and enjoyment of learning Arabic while increasing students' interest in Arabic language learning.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yoke Suryadarma, Faisal Reza Pradhana, Fitri Setyo Rini, Moh. Ismail, Nikmalathul Maisyaroh (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients at the Medical Clinic 6
Introduction: arterial hypertension represents an important burden of morbidity worldwide, the lack of adherence to treatment has medical, economic and psychosocial repercussions. Objective: to characterize adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients at the Juan Bruno Zayas polyclinic medical office No. 6, Mantua, during the period January 2021 - June 2023. Methods: an observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, the universe consisted of 403 patients classified as hypertensive, a sample of 88 hypertensive patients was selected by non-probabilistic sampling, theoretical and empirical methods were used, such as the Martín-Bayarre-Grau questionnaire to assess adherence and a survey to measure knowledge about the disease and the factors that influence non-adherence to treatment, descriptive statistics were used in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: predominance of the age group over 60 years, female sex, and pre-university level; the time of evolution of the disease was more than 10 years; the influential factor in non-adherence to treatment was forgetfulness and less than half of the sample studied presented adherence to treatment. Conclusions: the lack of adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients at the Juan Bruno Zayas polyclinic medical office 6 is a health problem that needs to be solved.
Copyright (c) 2023 Osiris Oscar Terrado Almarales, Yanara González Baños, Doraiky Díaz Hernández, Lloy Valdés Pin, Mirelis Alfaro Urquiola (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Determination of non-IgE antibodies and expression of cytokine and FoxP3 genes in asthma
Introduction: the inflammatory cascade in asthma involves cells of the innate and adaptive response of the immune system, in addition to molecular mediators such as antibodies, cytokines, chemokines, and costimulatory and regulatory signals corresponding to each of the cellular subpopulations that orchestrate this process. Objective: to determine the concentration of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies and the expression of cytokine genes TNFα, IFNγ, TGF-β 1, IL-10, IL-1 α, IL-1β and IL-6 and transcription factor FoxP3 in blood mononuclear cells stimulated in vitro, case-control studies were carried out in asthmatic children and adults respectively. Methods: the study was conducted in Pinar del Río, Cuba, from 2015 to 2019. Samples were taken from 735 asthmatic children for antibody quantification. For the expression of cytokine genes, samples were taken from 18 adults from the Immunology clinic. Results: significant differences were found in increasing order of IgM, IgA and IgG antibodies in favor of asthmatic children; and lower values of cytokine and FoxP3 expression in adult asthmatics. A predominance of a Th1 pattern was observed in controls compared to asthmatics, where the latter's predisposition to a Th2 response pattern is known. Therefore, the lower expression of non-Th2 cytokine genes suggests complex cellular and molecular interactions in asthmatic adults. Conclusions: a lower expression of cytokines other than Th2 was evident in the blood mononuclear cells of adult asthmatics.
Copyright (c) 2023 Odalys Orraca-Castillo, Tatiana Margarita Blanco Valdés, Ana Beatriz Pérez Díaz, Beatriz Sierra Vázquez, Carlos Alfredo Miló-Valdés (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Energy transition and “green” extractivism around the lithium industry. New socio-territorial conflict in northern Argentina
Consolidating the energy transition towards the decarbonization of the global economy demands the growing consumption of minerals and strategic resources. The advance of extractive projects on lithium deposits in the last decade in Latin America and in Argentina in particular implied that local sources of conflict emerged in the region that brought together different collective actors in opposition and resistance. The present work analyzes, based on a qualitative case study strategy on the "Mesa de Comunidades de la Cuenca de Guayatayoc y Salinas Grandes", the cycle of social conflict that emerged in the Argentine northwest as a result of the exploitation of lithium. This research seeks to respond to the main social actors involved and to identify the forms of struggle they adopt, with their demands and main programs. In this way, the work is organized as follows. In the first place, the concept of socio-territorial movement is reviewed, as a specificity of certain social movements in order to account for the demands, practices and programs of the collective subjects that intervene. The second section describes the rise of the lithium industry in Argentina and the emergence of socio-territorial movements in opposition to the advance of the extractive export model. The third section analyzes, in particular, the case of the Mesa de Comunidades de la Cuenca de Guayatayoc y Salinas Grandes in northwestern Argentina as the main socio-territorial movement, its demands and programs. It is concluded that the emergence of communities as a socio-territorial movement transcends the dispute around lithium as a strategic resource for the energy transition, encompassing a broader dispute for the construction of an alternative territoriality of change based on self-determination.
Copyright (c) 2023 Agustín Barberón (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
How are the emotional, cognitive and physiological processing of preschool girls and boys integrated?
In recent decades, great importance has been attached to the study of emotional, cognitive, and physiological processes together. However, few studies analyze the integration of these processes through designs with preschool girls and boys. This study analyzes the emotional, cognitive and physiological processing of 4 and 5-year-old boys and girls. A Stroop-type task was taken under two conditions (neutral: n = 19, and positive: n = 23) to analyze the effect of the valence of the task on performance and heart rate. 42 children (42.9% girls) of 4 years (n = 17) and 5 years (n = 25) participated in the study. First, heart rate variation was analyzed before and during the task. The Wilcoxon test showed that in both conditions the heart rate increased during the performance of the Stroop-type task. Then, the variation of the heart rate between the conditions was compared using the Mann-Whitney U test, and a decrease in the heart rate was found in the positive condition of the task in the group of girls, and a trend in the group 5 year old boys and girls. Finally, in the neutral condition, the variation in heart rate was inversely correlated with the reaction time of the blocks with less cognitive demand. The results show that cognitive demand increases heart rate beyond the emotional valence of the task, and that positive valence produces a decrease in heart rate depending on age and gender. These findings emphasize the need to integrate the individual characteristics of girls and boys when studying emotional, cognitive, and physiological processing during development.
Copyright (c) 2023 Verónica Adriana Ramírez, Eliana Ruetti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Fecal microbiota and Clostridium transplantation: Strategies for intestinal balance
Introduction: fecal Matter Transplantation is a method based on the administration of a processed and prepared fecal suspension from a healthy individual to another patient with the aim of restoring intestinal microbiota balance by manipulating the microbiota to the carrier of the specific disease with the goal of achieving its resolution. Objectives: to describe the scientific evidence on fecal microbiota transplantation strategies to restore intestinal balance and reduce Clostridium difficile infections. Material and methods: a Systematic Review of the literature was carried out, which will be governed according to PRISMA guidelines. The units of analysis will be abstracts and full text of articles with randomized clinical trial design or prospective or retrospective cohort, published in Scopus, Web of Science and Pubmed, without temporal restriction. Results: the results of this review support the efficacy of FMT in the treatment of CRID and provide valuable information on the restoration of intestinal balance. However, further research and rigorous clinical trials are required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to optimize treatment protocols. FMT has the potential to be a valuable tool in clinical practice and in the fight against recurrent intestinal infections, as well as in reducing antibiotic resistance.
Copyright (c) 2023 Pedro Afonso Santos Luna, Javier González-Argote (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Benefit of the microalbuminuria in the investigation of the renal damage early on patient older adults
Introduction: the presence of microalbuminuria is a powerful factor of prediction for the future development of several diseases. Objective: determining the benefit of the microalbuminuria in the investigation of the renal damage early on older adults. Method: an observational, descriptive and transverse study that included ambulatory bigger patients of 60 years of age, of both sexes came true, with factors of risk once 2022 were known for renal chronic disease during the year. Of a universe of 2500, they were once 1300 urine samples of patients welcomed in the appropriate laboratory of Microbiology of the Polyclinic Luís Augustus Turcios Lima, for the investigation of renal damage were processed by means of probabilistic sampling. All the urine samples were accomplished exam of urine and the determination of microalbuminuria. He determined him the stocking (X) and standard deviation (DS) and the force of association odds ratio (OR) of these variables and your confidence interval of the 95 % (IC 95 %), as well as the Chi-Square and the statistician Z with a significance level statistical of p 0,05. Results: predominate the age from 60 to 69 years, at the expense of the feminine sex and retired persons. The microalbuminuria was present at 19,4 % of patients, in 21,7 % of the hypertensive and in 8,6 % of the diabetics. The personal history of hyperlipemia was present in more than 5 times. Findings: The determination of microalbuminuria is useful in the investigation of the renal damage early on patient’s older adults with factors of risk.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jorge Félix Rodríguez Ramos, Guillermo Luís Herrera Miranda, Julio Cesar Rodríguez Boffill (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Treatment and effectiveness of scabies in first cycle with permethrin 5 % in pediatric population
Introduction: the goals of treatment are eradication of the mites from the infected individual, prevention of spread of scabies to other individuals, relief of associated pruritus, and recognition and treatment of complications. Treatment generally includes everyone in the household, even if they have no symptoms: symptoms can take 4-6 weeks to develop after a person is infested. Scabies is most commonly treated with 5 % permethrin dermal cream. Objectives: to describe the factors associated with response to treatment and effectiveness of a first course of 5 % permethrin in a pediatric population with scabies. Material and methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, retrospective study will be carried out through the study of clinical records from a primary health care center in Avellaneda, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The study period will include records from January 2020 to September 2022. The study population will be pediatric patients receiving care at the center and diagnosed with scabies.
Copyright (c) 2023 César Ullón, Javier González-Argote (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Teaching prewriting in early childhood education: a Scopus bibliometric study
The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of pre-writing teaching in early childhood education using Scopus from 2003 to 2023. The methodology was based on a bibliometric data study to quantify scientific production. Forty-one Scopus documents were selected for the study based on their relevance and the English keywords (teaching AND prewriting, initial AND education). The results showed that the most significant increase in scientific production occurred between 2021 and 2023 (n=13; 32 %). In addition, the source Journal of Educational Psychology had 3 publications and 1588 citations, while Graham, S. was the most referenced author (691 citations; 4 papers). Most of these publications (76 %) were research articles in the fields of social sciences (46 %), arts and humanities (17 %), and psychology (14 %). It is concluded that the thematic diversity, authorship, sources and available resources have been increasing with respect to the teaching of pre-writing in early childhood education. Thus, this bibliometric analysis serves as a framework for future research by presenting documented support.
Copyright (c) 2023 Norma Luz Velásquez-Dacosta, Mercedez Cury-Britto, Maritza Dávila-Panduro, Dalia Aching-Torres (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Examining marketing approaches and overcoming challenges in the cashew nut processing sector of tamil nadu: a comprehensive review
Tamil Nadu stands as one of India's leading cashew nut producers and processors, driven by robust export potential and domestic demand. In Cuddalore district alone, approximately 675 cashew nut processing units are scattered across the region. These mills predominantly rely on manual labor, offering substantial employment prospects for rural communities. However, the well-being and health of the workers in these processing units are often bargained for the old-style tools and paraphernalia. Remarkably, research regarding occupational health and the ergonomic aspects of work equipment within these SM (Small & Medium) cashew nut dispensation units in Cuddalore district has been conspicuously scarce. This study seeks to evaluate the existing working conditions concerning the musculoskeletal health of cashew workers in these units, shedding light on an underexplored area. The researcher has meticulously gathered and analyzed 92 reviews pertaining to cashew nut processing units, categorizing 35 of them into seven key themes: the concept of cashew processing units, the cost associated with processing units, perceived industry pressures and challenges, compatibility and customer influence, digital marketing strategies and mediums, financial performance within cashew nut processing units, and the acceptance of technology models.
Copyright (c) 2023 T. Malathi, R. Valli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Construction of computational thinking through the incorporation of STEM education in the secondary school curriculum in the department of Quindío (Colombia)
The main objective of this research is to build a theoretical-practical model that from the existing conceptual contributions allows the generation of computational thinking in high school students through the incorporation of STEM Education (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) in the curriculum. In this sense, STEM education enters to qualify the curriculum and becomes a methodology that gives entry to the understanding of phenomena. Through this research, a model is proposed for the understanding of computational thinking (CT). With and without the use of digital mediation. This article shows the result of a conceptual review of the topics related to the object of study in the last 5 years and the critical analysis of the investigations found. For this reason, it is not a finished project, but rather an advance in the state of the art.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jamesón Jimenez, Edgar Javier Carmona (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Feedback and assessment on academic achievement in elementary school students: a Scopus bibliometric study
The present study aimed to analyze bibliometrics in Scopus on feedback and evaluation in academic performance in elementary school students, between 2003 and 2023. It was a bibliometric study that defined the metrics of scientific production. The indicators were obtained from 370 documents chosen from the Scopus database using keywords in English (feedback, assessment, Academic achievement, elementary school students). The results show that the period with the highest scientific production was 2017-2022 (n=192; 51,9 %). In addition, the United States (35,2 %; n=147) is the country with the most publications, while the journal Medical Teacher published 7 papers and obtained more citations (226), with the author Witt, J.C. being the most cited (369 citations; n= 3 papers). In conclusion, feedback and assessment of elementary students' academic performance has increased the availability of resources and the diversity of topics and authors, because feedback and assessment improve academic performance by helping students identify their strengths and weaknesses to meet the proposed objectives in content implementation and task development, and formative assessment processes.
Copyright (c) 2023 Bernarda Salazar del Aguila, Miluska Odely Rodríguez-Saavedra, Ana Sofia Villanueva-Salas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Factors influencing the academic performance of first-year medical students
Introduction: during the last few years in the Faculty "Victoria de Girón" academic results in the subjects of basic cycle have shown a variable performance. There was not the expected correspondence between methodological work and academic results. Objective: to identify some factors that could influence the academic performance of first-year medical students. Methods: an observational cross-sectional study was performed, which consisted in the selection by stratified random sampling of 118 first-year medical students from the 2022 academic year of Faculty “Victoria de Girón”. A survey was applied to all students to obtain relevant information on socioeconomic and academic factors with a possible influence on academic performance. Every student was also requested to undergo the domino test which measures intellectual performance, as well as the Ten Wishes technique, the Rotter test, and the LEI (Youth Problems Inventory) to measure motivation and other personality traits. The statistical analysis consisted in the use of a classification and regression tree and association measures in double-entry contingency tables. To summarize academic performance by subjects, a position index was calculated. This index is a weighted and standardize mean, which allows for comparisons among subjects. Results: the importance of the pre-university ranking score, modulated by the student's sex variable, in academic prognosis, is highlighted. Neither the student's motivation, nor their IQ, but the weekly study hours reported by themselves, had a relevant association with academic results. The subjects with the worst results were OhS (Human ontogeny and Soma) with 44,1 % and SNER (Nervous, Endocrine and Reproductive Systems) 48,7 % of failures . Conclusions: The student's rank at admission is the variable that best predicts academic performance, albeit with different cut-off points for male and female students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lázaro Elier Alba Zayas, Raúl Fernández Regalado, Agustín Vicedo Tomey, Rosa Díaz Suárez, Blanca Candia Guada, Gilberto Tárano Cartaya, Jorge Bacallao Gallestey, Josefa Cardero García (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Project management based on ISO 21500, to improve productivity in the industry
The ISO 21500 standard provides guidance on project management principles and procedures with the objective of improving project management performance. establishing principles and guidelines to carry out a project effectively and successfully, using a methodology in the process to analyze productivity in its three dimensions; efficiency, effectiveness and effectiveness of the industrial company, the results regarding Project Management indicate that 65,90 % have managed to apply the standards of the norm, 22,7 % are in process and 11,4 % are in the beginning, Regarding Productivity, 59,1 % has been achieved, 31,8 % in process and 9,10 % in the beginning. The results indicate that the majority have managed to achieve a satisfactory level of productivity. It can be fundamentally shown that there is an improvement in productivity when carrying out good project management. Likewise, indicate that there is a direct and highly significant relationship between Project Management and productivity, according to the Rho Spearman Test statistic (0,956) and the Significance =0,000 < 0,05 between both variables. The ISO 21500 standard is recognized globally and uses a common language that is easy to understand, transcending country borders
Copyright (c) 2024 Miguel Wilfredo Bernabé Custodio, Gina Ruby Gonzales Salazar , Ángel Hugo Campos Díaz , Flor de María Lioo Jordán , Viviana Inés Vellón Flores , Flor de María Garivay Torres de Salinas, Timoteo Solano Armas , Félix Gil Caro Soto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Emotion Recognition with a Hybrid VGG-ResNet Deep Learning Model: A Novel Approach for Robust Emotion Classification
The recognition and interpretation of human emotions are crucial for various applications such as education, healthcare, and human-computer interactions. Effective emotion recognition can significantly enhance user experience and response accuracy in these fields. This research aims to develop a robust emotion recognition system by integrating VGG and ResNet architectures to improve the identification of subtle variations in facial expressions. This paper proposes a hybrid deep learning approach using a combination of VGG and ResNet models. This system incorporates multiple convolutional and pooling layers along with residual blocks to capture intricate patterns in facial expressions. The FER2013 dataset was employed to train and evaluate the model's performance. Comparative analysis was conducted against other models, including VGG16, DenseNet, and MobileNet. The hybrid model demonstrated superior performance, achieving a training accuracy of 99,80 % and a validation accuracy of 66,17 %. In contrast, the VGG16, DenseNet, and MobileNet models recorded training accuracies of 54,27 %, 68,51 %, and 84,68 %, and validation accuracies of 46,58 %, 56,11 %, and 60,35 %, respectively. The proposed hybrid approach effectively enhances emotion recognition capabilities by leveraging the strengths of VGG and ResNet architectures. This method outperforms existing models, offering a significant improvement in both training and validation accuracies for emotion recognition systems
Copyright (c) 2024 N Karthikeyan, K Madheswari, Hrithik Umesh, Rajkumar N, Viji C (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Finite Element Modeling to Predicting Rutting in Flexible Pavements under Overloading
Road infrastructure is seriously threatened by heavy vehicle overloading, causing substantial damage, particularly rutting. This study uses advanced finite element analysis (FEA) techniques to improve pavement performance prediction. Six models were created using the ABAQUS/CAE program to evaluate the rutting performance of flexible pavement under overloaded conditions. These models simulated the existing pavement design and a proposed design, each subjected to three axle load configurations: single axle-single tire, tandem axle-dual tire, and tridem axle-dual tire. The research includes conducting surveys on traffic volume and axle load, to precisely evaluate the current traffic situation and identify problems associated with overloading. Core extractions enabled a thorough comparison of the existing pavement's thickness, density, and material characteristics with the proposed design. Based on these findings, a new design for a flexible pavement was developed, focusing on enhancing its ability to withstand rutting. The analysis determines that the existing pavement cannot withstand overloading vehicles, necessitating a 6,67 % increase in the thickness of the surface, a 37,5 % increase in the thickness of the binder, a 50 % increase in the thickness of the base, and a 32 % increase in the thickness of the subbase layers. Significantly, these modifications and improvements to material qualities were discovered to effectively decrease rut depth, an important factor in the durability and performance of pavement
Copyright (c) 2024 Zainab M. Aljaleel, Nahla Y. Ahmed, Yahya K. Atemimi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Maximal oxygen uptake and cardiovascular adaptation to handball game specific endurance circuit training in handball players
Now a day, the sports team coaches, trainers and other support staffs have a hectic job to deal with the preparation of their team players with consistent, precise and greater effort to meet the demands of the competition in shortest duration. Various training modalities were adopted depending upon the necessity that improves sports performance. Handball team coaches apparently felt that fitness and skill go hand in hand, where sports specific training caters to achieve this goal. Thus, the present study focussed on assessing the adaptations of maximal oxygen uptake and cardiovascular variables to handball game specific endurance circuit training. To accomplish the purpose twenty-four (24) trained university male handball players with a playing experience of more than eight years gave consent to participate. The selected twenty-four players were classified into two groups as Handball Game Specific Endurance Circuit Training Group (HGSECTG = 12) and Control Group (CG = 12). To test the effectiveness of handball game specific endurance circuit training (HGSECT) players performed specifically constructed handball circuit 3 days in a week for 12 weeks at 90-95 % of maximal heart rate for two minutes duration and active recovery by walking. HGSECTG showed significant improvement on maximal oxygen uptake (t = 8,516, p < 0,05) and distance covered in Yo-Yo test also increased (t = 8,4, p < 0,05). Similarly, cardiovascular modifications are noted in maximum heart rate (HRPEAK, t = 2,372, p < 0,05) and resting heart rate (HRREST, t = 3,975, p < 0,05) and percentage of heart rate reserve (%HRRESERVE, t = 3,004, p < 0,05). We conclude that handball game specific endurance training programs could be sufficiently suitable to develop maximal oxygen uptake and positive adaptation of cardiovascular variables in twelve weeks of training among handball players. The intensity, duration, frequency and recovery of the intervention displayed improvement in VO2PEAK with reduced condition on cardiovascular stress
Copyright (c) 2024 S. Rameshkannan, B. Chittibabu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0