An Advanced Deep Learning Framework DeepLungNet with Global Average Pooling for Precise Lung Cancer Classification

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf20251551

Keywords:

Clinical Diagnostics, Lung Cancer, X-ray Imaging, Global Average Pooling, Medical Image Analysis, Early Disease Detection

Abstract

Introduction
Lung cancer remains one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, with survival rates heavily dependent on early and precise detection. However, existing diagnostic methods face challenges in accuracy and efficiency. This research introduces DeepLungNet, an enhanced deep learning framework designed to improve lung cancer classification using Global Average Pooling (GAP). GAP is immensely important in reducing model complexity and overfitting, making it ideal for imaging in healthcare  where datasets  happen to be constrained. By preserving critical spatial information, it enhances model generalization and ensures reliable predictions.

Methods
To develop a robust classification model, chest X-ray images were gathered from varuious origins, ensuring high diversity and quality. The dataset includes five categories: Bacterial Pneumonia, COVID-19, Normal, Tuberculosis, and Viral Pneumonia. DeepLungNet was evaluated against standard CNN architectures, including CNN, ResNet-50, and VGG16. The GAP layer proved instrumental in improving training efficiency, reducing computational overhead, and boosting classification accuracy. This makes it a strong candidate for real-world clinical deployment, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Results
DeepLungNet achieved 100% accuracy, outperforming conventional models: CNN (93.40%), VGG16 (94.25%), and ResNet-50 (95.75%). The model also attained perfect precision, recall, and F1-score, reinforcing its reliability in lung disease detection.
Conclusion
DeepLungNet demonstrates exceptional performance, making it a viable solution for accurate and efficient lung disease classification. Its 100% accuracy and reduced computational demands make it ideal for clinical applications requiring fast, dependable diagnoses.

 

Author Biographies

  • Umme Najma, Government Science College (Autonomous), Department of Biotechnology, Hassan, India

     

     

  • Tirumalasetti Lakshmi Narayana, Aditya University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Surampalem, India

     

     

References

1. Labaki WW, Han MK. Chronic respiratory diseases: A global view. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(6):531–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30157-0

2. Bousquet J. Global Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007. p. 12–36.

3. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Pocket Guide to COPD Diagnosis, Management and Prevention: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. Deer Park, IL: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; 2021.

4. Palaniappan R, Sundaraj K, Ahamed NU. Machine learning in lung sound analysis: A systematic review. Biocybern Biomed Eng. 2013;33(3):129–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2013.07.001

5. Yahiaoui A, Er O, Yumusak N. A new method of automatic recognition for tuberculosis disease diagnosis using support vector machines. Biomed Res. 2017;28(9):4208–12.

6. Papers with Code: The latest in Machine Learning, Browse State-of-the-Art Image Classification. Available from: https://paperswithcode.com/task/image-classification

7. Myszczynska MA, Ojamies PN, Lacoste AM, Neil D, Saffari A, Mead R, et al. Applications of machine learning to diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020;16(8):440–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-020-0377-8

8. Ibrahim AU, Ozsoz M, Serte S, Al-Turjman F, Yakoi PS. Pneumonia classification using deep learning from chest X-ray images during COVID-19. Cogn Comput. 2021;13:1317–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-020-09787-5

9. Deepan P, Sudha LR. Deep Learning and its Applications related to IoT and Computer Vision. In: Artificial Intelligence and IoT: Smart Convergence for Eco-friendly Topography. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2021. p. 223–44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6400-4_11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6400-4_11

10. Islam SR, Maity SP, Ray AK, Mandal M. Deep learning on compressed sensing measurements in pneumonia detection. Int J Imaging Syst Technol. 2022;32(1):41–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.22651

11. Ghantasala GP, Sudha LR, Priya TV, Deepan P, Vignesh RR. An Efficient Deep Learning Framework for Multimedia Big Data Analytics. Multimedia Comput Syst Virtual Reality. 2021;99:1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003196686-5

12. Ibrahim DM, Elshennawy NM, Sarhan AM. Deep-chest: Multi-classification deep learning model for diagnosing COVID-19, pneumonia, and lung cancer chest diseases. Comput Biol Med. 2021;132:104348. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104348

13. Bharati S, Podder P, Mondal MRH. Hybrid deep learning for detecting lung diseases from X-ray images. Inform Med Unlocked. 2020;20:100391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2020.100391

14. Mahdy LN, Ezzat KA, Elmousalami HH, Ella HA, Hassanien AE. Automatic X-ray COVID-19 lung image classification system based on multi-level thresholding and support vector machine. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.20047787 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.20047787

15. Mahbub MK, Biswas M, Gaur L, Alenezi F, Santosh KC. Deep features to detect pulmonary abnormalities in chest X-rays due to infectious diseases: COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Inform Sci. 2022;592:389–401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2022.01.062

16. Qaqos NN, Kareem OS. COVID-19 diagnosis from chest X-ray images using deep learning approach. In: 2020 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE); 2020 Dec 23–24; Duhok, Iraq. New York: IEEE; 2020. p. 110–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOASE51841.2020.9436614

17. Haghanifar A, Majdabadi MM, Choi Y, Deivalakshmi S, Ko S. Covid-cxnet: Detecting COVID-19 in frontal chest X-ray images using deep learning. Multimed Tools Appl. 2022;81:31–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12156-z

18. Okolo GI, Katsigiannis S, Althobaiti T, Ramzan N. On the Use of Deep Learning for Imaging-Based COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-rays. Sensors. 2021;21(17):5702. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175702

19. Kaggle Datasets. COVID-19 Detection X-ray Dataset. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/darshan1504/covid19-detection-xray-dataset

20. Kaggle Datasets. Lungs Dataset. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/muhammadrizkyperdana/lungs-dataset

21. Kaggle Datasets. Chest X-ray Pneumonia. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/paultimothymooney/chest-xray-pneumonia

22. Kaggle Datasets. Chest X-ray Pneumonia, COVID-19, Tuberculosis. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/jtiptj/chest-xray-pneumoniacovid19tuberculosis

23. Kaggle Datasets. Chest X-ray 14 Lungs Cropped. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/iamsuyogjadhav/chest-x-ray-14-lungs-cropped

24. Kaggle Datasets. Tuberculosis (TB) Chest X-ray Dataset. Available from: https://www.kaggle.com/tawsifurrahman/tuberculosis-tb-chest-xray-dataset.

Downloads

Published

2025-03-29

How to Cite

1.
S S, Y S KV, Pandurang Khandagale H, Najma U, Lakshmi Narayana T, N M J. An Advanced Deep Learning Framework DeepLungNet with Global Average Pooling for Precise Lung Cancer Classification. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias [Internet]. 2025 Mar. 29 [cited 2025 Apr. 24];4:1551. Available from: https://conferencias.ageditor.ar/index.php/sctconf/article/view/1551