Clinical Outcomes and Complications of Orthopedic Surgical Interventions in Adult Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf20251771Keywords:
Orthopedic Surgery, Postoperative Complications, Trauma Surgery, Elective Surgery, Functional Recovery, Adult PatientsAbstract
Introduction: Orthopedic surgery is essential for managing trauma and degenerative conditions. Despite technical advances, postoperative complications like infection and delayed union remain significant challenges, impacting patient outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate clinical outcomes, complication rates, and associated factors in adults undergoing orthopedic surgery at a tertiary care hospital over a four-year period.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted with 120 patients at the "Dr. Miguel Enríquez" Clinical Surgical Hospital, Havana, Cuba (2020-2024). Patients were stratified by procedure type (trauma vs. elective), surgical approach, and comorbidities. Data collected included demographics, risk factors, intraoperative parameters, postoperative complications, hospital stay, and functional outcomes at discharge and six months. Statistical analyses identified predictors of complications.
Results: The cohort's mean age was 54±16 years, with 52% males. Trauma-related surgeries accounted for 57% of cases. The overall complication rate was 18%, with surgical site infection (6%) and delayed union (5%) being most frequent. The mean hospital stay was 8±4 days. Functional recovery scores showed significant improvement at the six-month follow-up (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Orthopedic surgeries are associated with favorable functional outcomes, though complications persist. Patient-specific factors, surgical complexity, and comorbidities are key determinants of risk. An individualized approach to perioperative management is crucial to minimizing adverse events and optimizing care.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Amelia Alarcón Rivero , Deborah Cabrera Rodríguez , Marlon Carbonell González , Rosali Santiago Roibal (Author)
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