The Relationship Between Socio-economic Characteristics and Income Level: A Case Study of Coastal Communities in Makassar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024673Keywords:
Socio-economic, Income level, Coastal CommunitiesAbstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of poor family groups, calculate welfare, education and main occupation and determine their relationship with the income level of poor family groups in coastal communities of Makassar city. It is well known that current poverty reduction programs do not fully address the root causes of poverty. In hypothetical research, three key variables account for poverty: human poverty, social and natural poverty, and additional poverty. The research methodology was conducted using a survey method that focused on poor communities living in the coastal areas of Makassar city, with a unit of analysis for poor households. The number of samples tested was 273 people. To identify the characteristics of poor family groups, a descriptive study was conducted and the relationship between social characteristics and income level was used using the chi-square test. Research results using chi-square methods confirmed that education, education and economics have a significant relationship with family income. Therefore, in poor coastal communities, high-quality production, education and entrepreneurship are important elements to achieve higher family income and better social distance. The results of this study provide concrete suggestions for policymakers and experts seeking to reduce poverty in coastal communities. Family elements such as children, education and work can lead to some actions including providing free education and encouraging volunteerism in traditional activities. It also provides important data on the characteristics of low levels of family reunification in coastal communities of Makassar city and their relationship to the level of implementation
References
Abdulai, A.M., and E. Shamshiry (2014) Theory and Practice on the Nexus between Poverty, Natural Resources and Governance. Springer Link.
Alkire, S. (2007) Choosing dimensions: The capability approach and multidimensional poverty. CPRC Working Paper, 88, 1-25.
Asen, R. (2002) Visions of Poverty: Welfare Policy and Political Imagination. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.
Austin, M.J.(2006). Understanding poverty from multiple social science perspectives. University of California, USA.
Belzil, Christian, 2000. "Job Creation and Job Destruction, Worker Reallocation, and Wages," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 18(2), pages 183-203, April.
Blank, R. (2010) “Selecting among anti-poverty measures, can an economist be both critical and caring?”, Review of Social Economy, 61, 447-469.
Blau, F. & Kahn, M. (2000) Gender differences in pay. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14 (4), 75-99.
Bloemen, Hans and Elena Stancanelli, (2001), Individual Wealth, Reservation Wages, and Transitions into Employment, Post-Print, HAL
Bradshaw, T.K.(2006) Theories of Poverty and Anti-Poverty Programs in Community Development. Rural Poverty Research Centre (RPRC) Working Series No.06-05 Oregon State University and University of Missouri.
Darling, R. (2002) Partnership models in human services: Sociological foundations and practices. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publisher.
Davis, P.; Sanchez-Martinez M., (2014) A review of the economic theories of poverty, National Institute and Social Research. Discussion Paper, No. 435.
Downes, A. (2010) Poverty and its Reduction in the Small Developing Countries of the Caribbean. Paper presented at Conference on “Ten Years of ‘War Against Poverty’”, Chronic Poverty Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom, September 8-10.
Figart, M. & Power, M. (2002) Living wages, equal wage: Gender and labor market policies in the United States: New York, NY: Routledge.
Frerer, K. and Catherine Vu(2006). An Anthropological view of poverty. University of California, USA.
Ghatak M.(2014) Theories of poverty traps and Anti-poverty policies. London School of Economics
Hurst, C. (2004) Social inequality: Forms, causes and consequences. New York, NY: Pearson Education Inc.
Jung, S. Y., and Smith, R. (2007) "The economics of poverty: Explanatory theories to inform practice", Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 16(1-2), 21-39.
Lewis, O.(1966) The Culture of Poverty. Vilnus University Journals; Vol 215. No. 4 pp 1-25.
McIntyre, L. (2002) The practical skeptic: Core concepts in sociology. Mountain View,CA: Mayfield Publishing Co.
Morazes, J. and Pintak, Indira(2006). Political perspectives on poverty. University of California, USA.
Rank, M. R., Yoon, H., & Hirschl, T. A. (2003). American poverty as a structural failing: Evidence and arguments. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 30(4), 3-29
Rank, M. (2004) One nation underprivileged: Why American poverty affects us all. New York, NY: Oxford Press.
Richardson, J.A., and London, J.K.(2007) Strategies and Lessons for Reducing Persistent Rural Poverty: A Social-Justice Approach to Funding Rural Community Transformation. Journal of Community Development Society; Vol 38, No.1.
Sameti, M., Esfahani, R.D., and Haghighi, H. K. (2012). Theories of Poverty: A Comparative Analysis, Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review ; Vol. 1, No.6
Shaffer, P.(2008) “New Thinking on Poverty: Implications for Globalisation and PovertyReduction Strategies”. Real World Economic Review; Issue 47.
Turner, K , and Amanda, L(2006). Psychological theories of poverty. University of California, USA.
Wheeler, S. C., & Petty, R. E. (2001). The effects of stereotype activation on behavior: A review of possible mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin, 127(6), 797–826. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.6.797
Wolf, J.P (2006). Sociological theories of poverty in urban America. University of California, USA.
World Bank(2016). Poverty in rising Africa; Africa Poverty Report, Washington, D.C, USA
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Haeriah Hakim, Muhammad Idrus Taba, Haris Maupa (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
