Ukrainian journalism and media security in conditions of full-scale Russian aggression

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024.769

Keywords:

Hybrid war, Manipulation, Propaganda, Social networks, Fake news, Media security

Abstract

Introduction: Russian aggression on the territory of Ukraine caused the appearance of new challenges and threats for Ukrainian media platforms, journalists and information security, therefore, the study of this issue is relevant. Objectives: The purpose of the research is to study the impact of aggression on journalistic practice, processes of information influence and protection of users' rights. Methods: The scientific research used analysis, deduction method, systematization, and generalization. Results: The results of the study emphasize the importance of media security in the conditions of military aggression and the influence of fake information on journalism and society. In the course of the study, various types of fake information and manipulations used to influence public opinion and beliefs were identified and classified. Conclusion: The research analysed legal acts that prove the illegality of spreading fake information and the importance of media security in the context of military aggression on the territory of Ukraine. These documents include laws, agreements, declarations, and other legal acts that were adopted both in Ukraine and at the international level. In addition, during the study, the facts of the murders of journalists who became victims of military aggression by the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine were highlighted. The results of the research can be used by specialists to develop specific measures and strategies regarding media security, to support journalists in their work in conflict conditions, as well as to form a conscious public perception of the importance of media security and protection of the information space

References

1. Carter E, Carter B. Questioning more: RT, outward-facing propaganda, and the post-west world order. Sec Stud. [Internet] 2021 Feb [12 July, 2024];30(1):49-78. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2021.1885730

2. Khudoliy AO. Information war 2014-2022. Ostrog: National University “Ostroz Academy”; 2022.

3. Doskich L. Fake news as the newest tool of manipulation and disinformation. Library Science. Documentary Science. Informatology. 2022 Jul;4:72-77. Available in: https://doi.org/10.32461/2409-9805.4.2022.269809

4. Temmermans F, Bhowmik D, Pereira F, Ebrahimi T. A media security framework inspired by emerging challenges in fake media and NFT. In: Proceedings Volume 12138, Optics, Photonics and Digital Technologies for Imaging Applications VII; 121380P. Strasbourg, France, 2022. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2622223

5. Danilyan O, Dzоban O, Kalynovskyi Y. Digital man as a product of the information society. Cog. 2023;15(1):142–158.

6. Amelin OYu, Kyrychenko TM, Leonov BD, Shablystyi VV, Chenshova NV. Cyberbullying as a way of causing suicide in the digital age. J Nat Acad Leg Sci Ukr. 2021;28(3):277–289.

7. Nussibaliyeva A, Sergazin G, Tursunbayeva G, Uzbekbayev A, Zhetenbayev N, Nurgizat Y, Bakhtiyar B, Orazaliyeva S, Yussupova S. Development of an Artificial Vision for a Parallel Manipulator Using Machine-to-Machine Technologies. Sens. 2024;24(12):3792.

8. Bukina N. Specifics of coverage of the Russian-Ukrainian war on media critical online resources. In: Materials of the 10th congress “Aviation in the XXI century” – “Safety in aviation and space technologies”. Kyiv: National Aviation University; 2022. Available in: https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/59288

9. Kaushik D. Policy Responses To Fake News On Social Media Platforms: A Law And Economics Analysis. Stat Law Rev. 2024;45(1):hmae013.

10. Sanzharovskyi A, Yurchyshyn V. Modified method for detecting fake news based on machine learning algorithms. Bulletin of Cherkasy State Technological University. 2023;(2):58–70. https://doi.org/10.24025/2306-4412.2.2023.279984

11. Danilyan OG, Dzeban AP, Hetman YA, Kalynovskyi YYu. Features of information war in the media space in the conditions of Russian aggression against Ukraine. Cog. 2023;15(3):55–71.

12. Kanybekova B, Arstanbekov M, Kakeshov B, Erdolatov C, Artykbaev I. Criminological Aspects of the Behaviour of Victims of Cyberattacks: Case Analysis of Hacking State Organisations Ensuring National Security. Pak J Criminol. 2023;15(4):175–192.

13. Ramberdiyeva G, Dildabekova A, Abikenova Z, Karabayeva L, Zhuasbaeva A. The Functional and Semantic Category of Appeal as a Linguistic Tool in Political Propaganda Texts (in the Example of the English Language). Int J Semiotics Law. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-024-10115-5

14. Pennycook G, Rand DG. The psychology of fake news. Trends Cog Sci. [Internet] 2021 May [11 July 2024];25(5):388-402. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2021.02.007

15. Choudhary M, Chouhan SS, Pilli ES, Vipparthi SK. BerConvoNet: A deep learning framework for fake news classification. Appl Soft Comp. 2021 Aug;110:107614. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2021.107614

16. Hörtenhuemer C, Zangerle E. A multi-aspect classification ensemble approach for profiling fake news spreaders on Twitter. In: CLEF. Thessaloniki: CLEF; 2020.

17. Humphery-Jenner M. Legislating Against Misinformation: Lessons from Australia's Misinformation Bill. Stat Law Rev. 2024;45(2):hmae023.

18. Opris I, Ionescu SC, Lebedev MA, Boy F, Lewinski P, Ballerini L. Editorial: Application of Neural Technology to Neuro-Management and Neuro-Marketing. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:53.

19. Mikulina M, Mikulin V, Pogrebytskyi M. Human dignity as a person’s projection of integrity. Trans/Form/Acao. 2024;47(2):e02400183.

20. Law of Ukraine No. 2849-IX “On Media”. [Internet] 2023 [26 June 2024]. Available in: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2849-20#Text

21. Law of Ukraine No. 2657-XII “On Information”. [Internet] 2023 [26 June 2024]. Available in: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2657-12#Text

22. Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 685 “On the decision of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated October 15, 2021 ‘On Information Security Strategy’”. [Internet] 2021 [28 June 2024]. Available in: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/6852021-41069

23. Bidzilya YM, Snitsarchuk L, Solomin Ye, Hetsko H, Rusynko-Bombyk L. The role of the media as a parallel tool of justice for crimes against a civilian population. Cuest Polít. 2022 Apr;40(74):293-308. Available in: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4074.15

24. Kerimkhulle S, Dildebayeva Z, Tokhmetov A, Amirova A, Tussupov J, Makhazhanova U, Adalbek A, Taberkhan R, Zakirova A, Salykbayeva A. Fuzzy Logic and Its Application in the Assessment of Information Security Risk of Industrial Internet of Things. Symm. 2023;15(10):1958.

25. Dzyublenko I. The language issue of Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The impact of centuries of repression of the Ukrainian language on modern society. Foreign Affairs. 2023;33(2):21-30. https://doi.org/10.46493/2663-2675.33(2).2023.21-30

26. Voznyuk Ye. The features of the Russian fakes spreading in Ukraine. J Hist & Polit Sci. 2021 Apr;44:52-63. Available in: https://doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2021.44.52-63

27. Russia is preparing a fake video with Zelensky about the alleged surrender of Ukraine – GUR. [Internet] 2022 [2 July 2024]. Available in: https://ms.detector.media/propaganda-ta-vplivi/post/29092/2022-03-03-rosiya-gotuie-feykove-video-iz-zelenskym-pro-nibyto-kapitulyatsiyu-ukrainy-gur/

28. FAKE: The Ukrainian military killed and tortured the civilian population of Kharkiv region. [Internet] 2022 [29 June 2024]. Available in: https://voxukraine.org/fejk-ukrayinski-vijskovi-vbyvaly-ta-piddavaly-torturam-tsyvilne-naselennya-harkivshhyny

29. Kulyk S, Voznyuk Ye. A Russian propaganda fake: Olena Pidhrushna is an ATO sniper. International Relations, Publ Comm Reg Stud. [Internet] 2021 Sep [10 July 2024];1(9):82-101. Available in: https://relint.vnu.edu.ua/index.php/relint/article/view/125/158

30. Occupiers spread fake videos about “cruel treatment of prisoners”. [Internet] 2022 [25 June 2024]. Available in: https://armyinform.com.ua/2022/03/28/okupanty-poshyryuyut-fejkovi-videorolyky-pro-zhorstoke-povodzhennya-z-polonenymy/

31. Russian propaganda spreads a fake about the development of “biological weapons” in Poltava. [Internet] 2022 [3 July 2024]. https://poltava.to/news/65114/

32. Fake. A video appeared showing how the Kakhovskaya HPP dam was blown up. [Internet] 2023 [29 June 2024]. Available in: https://disinfo.detector.media/post/ziavylosia-video-de-vydno-iak-pidirvaly-dambu-kakhovskoi-hes

33. Murders of journalists in Ukraine: the list is being updated. [Internet] 2018 [26 June 2024]. Available in: https://uain.press/articles/ubyvstva-zhurnalistiv-v-ukrayini-spysok-popovnyuyetsya-833156

34. 63 journalists died in Ukraine from the Russian war – Tomilenko. [Internet] 2023 [5 July 2024]. Available in: https://ukrainian.voanews.com/a/shist-desjatkiv-zhurnalistiv-zahynuly-v-ukrajini-vid-vijny/7121527.html

35. Bidzilya YM, Solomin YO, Shapovalova HV, Georgiievska VV, Poplavska NM. The stability of State information in the face of terrorist threats. Cuest Polít. 2021 Apr;39(70):250-269. Available in: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3970.16

36. Dikhtiievskyi P, Pashinskyi V, Zadyraka N, Сhupryna L, Kryvenko O. Military and administrative law: development trends in the context of Russian military aggression challenges and threats. JUS Riv Sci Giurid. 2023;2023(3):277-298.

37. Comoglio LP. Jurisdiction and protection of the citizen. JUS Riv Sci Giurid. 2023;2023(1):109-115.

38. Semenenko O, Minochkin A, Vasylenko S, Klepikov V, Pravdyvets O. Assessment of the Impact of the Armed Conflict in Ukraine on the Development of the Agricultural Sector and Price Setting. Scientific Horizons. 2021;24(7):68–80. https://doi.org/10.48077/scihor.24(7).2021.68-80

39. Steinfeld J. Joining Ukraine’s battle for freedom. Index Censorsh. 2022 Jun;51(2): 3010702. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1177/03064220221110703

40. Back R. Understanding, learning and language: a critique of the hermeneutical approach. Trans/Form/Acao. 2023;46(3):201-224.

41. Volkov V. Self-Categorization of Youth in Discursive Practices of the Russian Speaking Milieu of Lativa. Etnograf Oboz. 2022;2022(5):131–147.

42. Xu K, Wang F, Wang H, Yang B. Detecting fake news over online social media via domain reputations and content understanding. Tsinghua Sci & Tech. 2019 Jan;25(1):20-27. Available in: https://doi.org/10.26599/TST.2018.9010139

43. Gerodimos R. Media literacy, security, and youth engagement with global current affairs: The case of deterrence. J Med Lit. [Internet] 2021 Jul [8 July 2024];67:101112. Available in: https://www.journalofmedialiteracy.org/r-gerodimos

44. Cheng L, Bao R. Media literacy and national security awareness: The formation of Chinese higher education groups' attitude to the Russia-Ukraine war. Soc Sci Hum Open. 2022 Jan;6(1):100373. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100373

45. Swart J. Tactics of news literacy: How young people access, evaluate, and engage with news on social media. New Med Soc. 2023 May;25(3):505-521. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211011447

46. Newton K. Widespread reach, not much influence: Online news and mass political attitudes and behaviour in the UK. Polit Quart. 2021 Oct;92(4):716-726.

47. Kotsur V. Challenges and threats to the collective security of Europe in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Society. Document. Communication. 2023;8(1):151-181. https://doi.org/10.31470/2518-7600-2023-18-151-181

48. Ginters E, Aizstrauts A, Chinea RMA. Sociotechnical aspects of policy simulation. In: Handbook of Research on Advanced ICT Integration for Governance and Policy Modeling; pp. 113-128. Hershey: IGI Global, 2014. Available in: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6236-0.ch007

49. Hrubinko A, Fedoriv I. China policy on Taiwan against the backdrop of the Russian-Ukraine War. Foreign Affairs. 2023;33(1):24-31. https://doi.org/10.46493/2663-2675.33(1).2023.24-31

50. Cull NJ. The war for Ukraine: reputational security and media disruption. Place Brand Publ Diplom. 2023 Apr;19(2):195-199. Available in: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-022-00281-3

51. Pomerantsev P. Nothing is true and everything is possible: Adventures in modern Russia. London: Faber & Faber; 2017.

52. Gunawan Y, Budiman A, Fauziah N, Syamsudin W. Journalist protection on the battlefield under the international humanitarian law: Russia-Ukraine war. J Hukum. 2023 Jan;39(1):1-11. Available in: http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jh.v39i1.24685

53. Pavlik JV. The Russian war in Ukraine and the implications for the news media. Athens J Mass Med Comm. 2022 Jul;8:1-17. Available in: https://doi.org/10.30958/ajmmc.X-Y-Z

Downloads

Published

2024-09-01

How to Cite

1.
Bidzilya Y, Haladzhun Z, Solomin Y, Georgiievska V, Sydorenko N. Ukrainian journalism and media security in conditions of full-scale Russian aggression. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];3:.769. Available from: https://conferencias.ageditor.ar/index.php/sctconf/article/view/769