Biocalcification of Sandy Gypseous Soil by Bacillus Pasteurii

Authors

  • Hadeel S. Sulaiman Department of Civil Engineering, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq Author
  • Muayad A. Al-Sharrad Department of Civil Engineering, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq Author
  • Idham A. Abed College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024818

Keywords:

MICP, Sandy Gypseous Soil, Bacillus Pasteurii

Abstract

Microbial-induced carbon precipitation (MICP) is one of the most recent treatment methods for soil stabilization. The present work employs this technique in improving the collapsing behavior of sandy gypseous soil with 35 % gypsum content under one-dimensional loading to 100 kPa and leaching conditions. A bacterial strain, Bacillus pasteurii was used for this purpose. A set of collapse tests was performed inside a modified oedometer on specimens, prepared with 25 % bacterial solution and 0, 0,25M, 0,5M, or 1M cementation solution molarities, cured to 7, 14, or 21 days. The results indicated that the bacterium was able to produce a considerable amount of calcium carbonate ranging from 3 % to 15 %. This carbonate was also observed by microscopic imaging of the specimens at the interparticle contacts and also on the surfaces of soil grains. Consequently, the soil gained additional bonding and the voids became smaller. Therefore, the soil became more resistant to water flow and leaching, where the treated specimen maintained nearly the same permeability with the progression of leaching, unlike the untreated specimen which showed a 7-fold increase over the same water flow condition. Over the examined load, the MICP treatment provided almost no change in the strains caused by external loading, unlike the wetting strains which exhibited a considerable reduction of 11 % to 80 %. The results of leaching strains appeared to be sensitive to the rate of flow and the cementation solution molarity

References

1. S. Casby-Horton, J. Herrero, and N. A. Rolong, “Gypsum soils—Their morphology, classification, function, and landscapes,” Adv. Agron., vol. 130, pp. 231–290, 2015.

2. A. Jotisankasa, “Collapse behaviour of a compacted silty clay.” University of London London, UK, 2005.

3. G. Bolzon, “Collapse mechanisms at the foundation interface of geometrically similar concrete gravity dams,” Eng. Struct., vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 1304–1311, 2010.

4. M. Y. Fattah, I. H. Obead, and H. A. Omran, “A study on leaching of collapsible gypseous soils,” Int. J. Geotech. Eng., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 44–54, 2022.

5. S. S. Razouki and O. A. El-Janabi, “Decrease in the CBR of a gypsiferous soil due to long-term soaking,” Q. J. Eng. Geol. Hydrogeol., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 87–89, 1999.

6. B. C. Martinez, T. H. Barkouki, J. D. DeJong, and T. R. Ginn, “Upscaling Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation in 0.5m Columns: Experimental and Modeling Results,” vol. 41165, no. March, pp. 4049–4059, 2011, doi: 10.1061/41165(397)414.

7. A. Al Qabany, K. Soga, and C. Santamarina, “Factors affecting efficiency of microbially induced calcite precipitation,” J. Geotech. Geoenvironmental Eng., vol. 138, no. 8, pp. 992–1001, 2012.

8. A. Al Qabany and K. Soga, “Effect of chemical treatment used in MICP on engineering properties of cemented soils,” in Bio-and Chemo-Mechanical Processes in Geotechnical Engineering: Géotechnique Symposium in Print 2013, ICE Publishing, 2014, pp. 107–115.

9. L. Cheng, R. Cord-Ruwisch, and M. A. Shahin, “Cementation of sand soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation at various degrees of saturation,” Can. Geotech. J., vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 81–90, 2013.

10. Z. S. Hadi and K. A. Saeed, “Effect of microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) on the strength of soil contaminated with lead nitrate,” J. Mech. Behav. Mater., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 143–149, 2022, doi: 10.1515/jmbm-2022-0016.

11. A. D. Almurshedi and M. Karkush, “Experimental and numerical modeling of load settlement behavior of gypseous soils improved by MICP,” in Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies, CRC Press, 2023, pp. 583–589.

12. N. K. Dhami, M. S. Reddy, and A. Mukherjee, “Biomineralization of calcium carbonate polymorphs by the bacterial strains isolated from calcareous sites,” J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 707–714, 2013.

13. A. D. Salman, M. O. Karkush, and H. H. Karim, “Effect of microbial induced calcite precipitation on shear strength of gypseous soil in dry and soaking conditions,” in Geotechnical Engineering and Sustainable Construction: Sustainable Geotechnical Engineering, Springer, 2022, pp. 103–114.

14. B. C. Martinez et al., “Experimental optimization of microbial-induced carbonate precipitation for soil improvement,” J. Geotech. Geoenvironmental Eng., vol. 139, no. 4, pp. 587–598, 2013.

15. S. Liu, K. Du, K. Wen, W. Huang, F. Amini, and L. Li, “Sandy soil improvement through microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) by immersion,” J. Vis. Exp., vol. 2019, no. 151, 2019, doi: 10.3791/60059.

16. X. Sun, L. Miao, L. Wu, and H. Wang, “Theoretical quantification for cracks repair based on microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) method,” Cem. Concr. Compos., vol. 118, p. 103950, 2021.

17. Z. S. Hadi and K. A. Saeed, “Effect of microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) on the strength of soil contaminated with lead nitrate,” J. Mech. Behav. Mater., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 143–149, 2022.

18. H. Bai et al., “Microbially-induced calcium carbonate precipitation by a halophilic ureolytic bacterium and its potential for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated saline environments,” Int. Biodeterior. Biodegradation, vol. 165, p. 105311, 2021.

19. Z. Wang, N. Zhang, J. Ding, C. Lu, and Y. Jin, “Experimental study on wind erosion resistance and strength of sands treated with microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation,” Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 2018, 2018.

20. F. Nikseresht, A. Landi, G. Sayyad, G. R. Ghezelbash, and R. Schulin, “Sugarecane molasse and vinasse added as microbial growth substrates increase calcium carbonate content, surface stability and resistance against wind erosion of desert soils,” J. Environ. Manage., vol. 268, p. 110639, 2020.

21. H. Meng, S. Shu, Y. Gao, J. He, and Y. Wan, “Kitchen waste for Sporosarcina pasteurii cultivation and its application in wind erosion control of desert soil via microbially induced carbonate precipitation,” Acta Geotech., vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 4045–4059, 2021.

22. S. E. Lambert and D. G. Randall, “Manufacturing bio-bricks using microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation and human urine,” Water Res., vol. 160, pp. 158–166, 2019.

23. L. Wang, T. L. K. Yeung, A. Y. T. Lau, D. C. W. Tsang, and C.-S. Poon, “Recycling contaminated sediment into eco-friendly paving blocks by a combination of binary cement and carbon dioxide curing,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 164, pp. 1279–1288, 2017.

24. Y. Wang, G. Wang, Y. Wan, X. Yu, J. Zhao, and J. Shao, “Recycling of dredged river silt reinforced by an eco-friendly technology as microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP),” Soils Found., vol. 62, no. 6, p. 101216, 2022.

25. D. J. Tobler, E. Maclachlan, and V. R. Phoenix, “Microbially mediated plugging of porous media and the impact of differing injection strategies,” Ecol. Eng., vol. 42, pp. 270–278, 2012.

26. A. Almajed, H. K. Tirkolaei, E. Kavazanjian, and N. Hamdan, “Enzyme induced biocementated sand with high strength at low carbonate content. Sci Rep 9: 1135.” 2019.

27. B. Liu et al., “Potential drought mitigation through microbial induced calcite precipitation‐MICP,” Water Resour. Res., vol. 57, no. 9, p. e2020WR029434, 2021.

28. B. Liu et al., “Bio-remediation of desiccation cracking in clayey soils through microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP),” Eng. Geol., vol. 264, p. 105389, 2020.

29. “ASTM D2487-17 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System) ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2017), 10.1520/D2487-17”.

30. ASTM D422. (2007). Standard test method for particle-size analysis of soils (ASTM International). www.astm.orgNo Title.

31. ASTM D698. (2012). Standard test method for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)). (ASTM International). www.astm.orgNo Title.

32. Y. Mo, S. Yue, Q. Zhou, and X. Liu, “Improvement and soil consistency of sand–clay mixtures treated with enzymatic-induced carbonate precipitation,” Materials (Basel)., vol. 14, no. 18, 2021, doi: 10.3390/ma14185140.

33. S. K. Ramachandran, V. Ramakrishnan, and S. S. Bang, “Remediation of concrete using microorganisms,” Mater. J., vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 3–9, 2001.

34. W. Wan et al., “Isolation and characterization of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria with multiple phosphorus sources utilizing capability and their potential for lead immobilization in soil,” Front. Microbiol., vol. 11, p. 752, 2020.

35. V. Achal, A. Mukherjee, P. C. Basu, and M. S. Reddy, “Strain improvement of Sporosarcina pasteurii for enhanced urease and calcite production,” J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 981–988, 2009.

36. J. G. Collee, Mackie & McCartney practical medical microbiology., 14th ed. / edited... Edinburgh ; Churchill Livingstone, 1996.

37. Wei-Soon Ng, Min-Lee Lee, and Siew-Ling Hii, “An Overview of the Factors Affecting Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation and its Potential Application in Soil Improvement,” Int. J. Civ. Environ. Eng., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 188–194, 2012, Online.. Available: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dc1f/0edb47ecdc6b4a1ce6b46ab6a4114ae60503.pdf

38. M. Nemati, E. A. Greene, and G. Voordouw, “Permeability profile modification using bacterially formed calcium carbonate: comparison with enzymic option,” Process Biochem., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 925–933, 2005.

39. “ASTM D 4373 – 02_Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Carbonate Content of Soi”.

40. I. R. K. Phang, K. S. Wong, Y. S. Chan, and S. Y. Lau, “Effect of microbial-induced calcite precipitation towards strength and permeability of peat,” Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., vol. 81, no. 8, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10064-022-02790-0.

Downloads

Published

2024-06-01

How to Cite

1.
Sulaiman HS, Al-Sharrad MA, Abed IA. Biocalcification of Sandy Gypseous Soil by Bacillus Pasteurii. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias [Internet]. 2024 Jun. 1 [cited 2024 Dec. 12];3:818. Available from: https://conferencias.ageditor.ar/index.php/sctconf/article/view/955